European Green Toad
The European Green Toad is now divided into several species based on DNA studies. The taxonomic status of several populations still remains unclear, and more genetic and biochemical research is needed.
After the last taxonomic revision, the European Green Toad distribution covers much of Europe except large parts of Fennoscandia, the British Isles, most of Italy, the Iberian Peninsula and west of the Rhine River. There is an isolated population in Kazakhstan.
The countries of distribution of the European Green Toad include Albania, Austria, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Montenegro, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia and Ukraine. The species is extinct in Switzerland despite reintroduction efforts.
The numbers are currently decreasing. The main threat is loss of breeding habitats due to wetland drainage, desiccation and water pollution.
Conservation
■ Listed in Appendix III of the Bern Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats as a protected fauna species.
■ Listed in Annex IV of EU Council Directive 92/43/EEC on the Conservation of natural habitats of wild fauna and flora (the Habitats Directive).
■ An especially protected species in Latvia (the Cabinet of Ministers’ Regulations No. 396 on November 14, 2000).
Taxonomy
■ Phylum Chordata – chordates
■ Class Amphibia – amphibians
■ Order Anura – frogs
■ Family Bufonidae – true toads
■ Species Bufotes viridis – European Green Toad
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